- Affordable Fertility Care
IUI Treatment
(Intrauterine Insemination):
Procedure, Success Rate & Who It Helps
Female infertility is the inability to conceive naturally due to ovulation disorders, blocked fallopian tubes, uterine abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, or conditions like PCOS and endometriosis. At Samarth IVF, every woman receives a thorough evaluation and a personalised treatment plan covering ovulation induction, IUI, IVF, laparoscopic surgery, and hormonal management. Our specialists across India help women understand their diagnosis and choose the most effective path to pregnancy.
What is IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)?
IUI stands for Intrauterine Insemination. It is a form of assisted reproduction in which a specially prepared sample of sperm is introduced directly into the uterine cavity through a thin, flexible catheter passed through the cervix. The procedure is timed precisely to coincide with ovulation, when the egg is released from the ovary and is available for fertilisation.
IUI differs from natural conception in two important ways. First, the sperm bypasses the cervix entirely, eliminating the natural barrier that filters out large numbers of sperm and is the point of failure in cervical factor infertility. Second, sperm preparation in the laboratory selects and concentrates the most active, forward-swimming sperm from the ejaculate, dramatically increasing the quality and concentration of sperm reaching the fallopian tube where fertilisation occurs.
IUI is not IVF. Fertilisation still occurs naturally inside the fallopian tube. The egg is not removed from the body, and there is no laboratory creation of an embryo. IUI is a less invasive, less costly, and simpler procedure than IVF, making it an appropriate first-line treatment in well-selected couples before advancing to more intensive assisted reproduction.
IUI vs. Natural Conception: What Changes
Without IUI: Sperm must enter the cervix, swim through cervical mucus, travel the length of the uterus, and enter the fallopian tube. Only a tiny fraction of sperm survive this journey. Cervical mucus, poor sperm motility, or low sperm numbers can prevent enough sperm from reaching the egg.
With IUI: Prepared sperm is deposited directly in the uterine cavity, bypassing the cervix and cervical mucus entirely. The concentrated, highly motile sperm have a much shorter distance to travel and a far higher probability of reaching the egg in the tube.
IUI vs. IVF: Key Differences
IUI and IVF are both forms of assisted reproduction but differ fundamentally in approach, invasiveness, and cost.
Who is IUI Recommended For?
IUI is not appropriate for every couple. Careful patient selection is the single most important factor in achieving good IUI outcomes. At Samarth IVF, every IUI candidate is evaluated thoroughly before treatment is recommended.
- Ideal Candidates for IUI
Mild to moderate male factor infertility
When the total motile sperm count (TMSC) after sperm preparation is between 5 and 10 million or above, IUI offers meaningful success rates. Below 5 million TMSC, IVF with ICSI is more appropriate. IUI is particularly effective for mild oligospermia, mild asthenospermia, and borderline morphology.
Cervical factor infertility
Hostile cervical mucus, scarring from previous cervical procedures (LLETZ, cone biopsy), or structural cervical abnormalities that prevent sperm from entering the uterus. IUI bypasses the cervix entirely, making it the primary treatment for this indication.
Ovulatory dysfunction and PCOS
Women who do not ovulate regularly or at all, including those with PCOS, who are undergoing ovulation induction with letrozole or gonadotrophins. Combining ovulation induction with IUI improves success rates compared to timed intercourse alone.
Unexplained infertility
Couples who have been trying for 12 months or more with all investigations returning normal. IUI with ovarian stimulation is the recommended first-line assisted reproduction treatment before proceeding to IVF.
Sexual dysfunction
When natural intercourse is not possible due to erectile dysfunction, vaginismus, or other physical or psychological barriers. IUI allows conception without requiring penetrative intercourse.
Single women & same-sex couples
IUI with donor sperm is the primary treatment for single women and female same-sex couples wishing to conceive. It is simpler, less invasive, and more cost-effective than IVF with donor sperm as a first approach.
Partner with HIV (serodiscordant couples): Sperm washing removes HIV virus, allowing safe conception.
IUI is not appropriate in all situations. The following are contraindications or situations where IVF is a better first choice:
Bilateral fallopian tube blockage
IUI requires at least one open tube for the sperm to travel through. With both tubes blocked, IUI cannot work and IVF is required.
Severely low sperm count
Total motile sperm count below 5 million after preparation significantly reduces IUI success rates. IVF with ICSI is more appropriate.
Moderate to severe endometriosis
Advanced endometriosis distorts pelvic anatomy and reduces IUI success rates substantially. IVF is more effective.
Diminished ovarian reserve
Women with very low AMH or AFC may not respond adequately to the mild stimulation used in IUI protocols. IVF is usually more appropriate.
Advanced female age (above 40)
Women with very low AMH or AFC may not respond adequately to the mild stimulation used in IUI protocols. IVF is usually more appropriate.
More than 3 to 6 failed IUI cycles
Persistent failure after multiple well-monitored IUI cycles indicates the need to escalate to IVF.
The IUI Procedure at Samarth IVF:Step by Step
The IUI procedure at Samarth IVF follows a carefully monitored protocol designed to time insemination precisely with ovulation and maximise the quality of the prepared sperm sample.
Initial Consultation and Evaluation
Before IUI is recommended, both partners undergo a baseline fertility evaluation. For the female partner this includes hormone blood tests (FSH, LH, AMH, prolactin, thyroid), pelvic ultrasound with antral follicle count, and confirmation of at least one open fallopian tube (via HSG or laparoscopy). For the male partner, semen analysis is performed after 2 to 5 days of abstinence to assess baseline count, motility, and morphology and to calculate the expected total motile sperm count after preparation.
Ovarian Stimulation (When Indicated)
IUI can be performed in a natural cycle (without stimulation) or in a stimulated cycle. Stimulated IUI generally achieves better success rates by ensuring ovulation occurs and by developing 1 to 2 follicles to increase the probability of fertilisation.
- Letrozole: The preferred oral stimulation agent for women with PCOS or ovulatory dysfunction. Taken on Days 2 to 6 of the cycle. Stimulates 1 to 2 follicles with minimal multiple pregnancy risk.
- Clomiphene Citrate: An established oral ovulation induction agent. Taken on Days 2 to 6 or 3 to 7 of the cycle.
- Injectable Gonadotrophins (FSH): Low-dose injections for women who do not respond to oral agents or for more controlled stimulation. Requires more intensive monitoring
Follicle Monitoring with Ultrasound
Once stimulation begins, serial transvaginal ultrasound scans monitor follicle growth, typically starting on Day 8 to 10 of the cycle. Scans are performed every 1 to 2 days until the leading follicle reaches a diameter of 18 to 20 mm, indicating maturity. The endometrial lining is simultaneously assessed to ensure it is developing appropriately (target thickness of 7 mm or more with a trilaminar pattern).
Trigger Injection
When the lead follicle reaches 18 to 20 mm, a trigger injection is administered. This is typically hCG 5,000 to 10,000 IU, or a GnRH agonist in women at risk of OHSS (particularly those with PCOS). The trigger induces final egg maturation and ovulation occurs approximately 36 to 40 hours later. IUI is scheduled precisely 36 to 40 hours after the trigger injection to coincide with the moment of ovulation.
Sperm Collection and Laboratory Preparation
On the morning of the IUI procedure, the male partner provides a semen sample by masturbation after 2 to 5 days of abstinence. The sample is processed in the andrology laboratory using one of two established preparation techniques:
Density Gradient Centrifugation
The most commonly used technique. Semen is layered over a density gradient medium and centrifuged. Healthy, motile sperm migrate to the bottom while debris, dead sperm, and white blood cells are separated away.
Swim-Up Technique
Sperm are allowed to swim up out of liquefied semen into an overlying culture medium. This selects for the best-swimming sperm and produces a very clean preparation.
After preparation, the total motile sperm count (TMSC) is assessed. A TMSC above 10 million is associated with good IUI outcomes. Preparation takes 1 to 2 hours.
The Insemination Procedure
A straightforward outpatient procedure (5-10 mins). A speculum is inserted and a thin, soft catheter passes through the cervix into the uterus. The prepared sperm is gently introduced. Mild cramping may occur, but no anaesthesia is required. You rest for 10-15 mins before returning to normal activities.
Luteal Phase Support
After IUI, progesterone supplementation is typically prescribed to support the uterine lining during the two-week wait before a pregnancy test. This is usually given as vaginal pessaries. It supports endometrial development in case implantation takes place.
Pregnancy Test
A blood beta-hCG pregnancy test is performed 14 days after the IUI procedure. This is more sensitive and accurate than a urine pregnancy test at this early stage. A positive result indicates successful implantation has occurred.
The IUI Procedure at Samarth IVF:Step by Step
The IUI procedure at Samarth IVF follows a carefully monitored protocol designed to time insemination precisely with ovulation and maximise the quality of the prepared sperm sample.
10-20%
The Insemination Procedure
(In well-selected candidates)
30-60%
Cumulative Success
(Across 3 to 6 cycles)
- Factors That Improve IUI Success:
- Female age below 35 (the most important predictor)
- Good ovarian reserve (Normal AMH and AFC)
- Total motile sperm count above 10 million post-preparation
- Development of 1 to 2 mature follicles
- Adequate endometrial thickness (7mm+ trilaminar)
- Precise timing (36-40 hours post trigger)
How Many IUI Cycles Should I Try?
Most reproductive specialists recommend 3 to 6 IUI cycles before reassessing and considering IVF. Cumulative success rates plateau after 4 to 6 cycles. The specific number depends on your age and diagnosis.
- IUI with Donor Sperm
IUI with donor sperm follows the same protocol but uses carefully screened, anonymously donated sperm from a certified sperm bank. This is the primary treatment for single women, female same-sex couples, and couples where the male partner has no retrievable sperm. All donor sperm used at Samarth IVF comes from certified, regulated banks ensuring full screening for infectious diseases and genetic conditions per ICMR guidelines.
Possible Side Effects and Risks
IUI is one of the safest procedures in reproductive medicine. Serious complications are rare.
• Mild cramping/Spotting: Common and temporary.
• Infection: Very uncommon (<1%) with aseptic technique.
• Multiple pregnancy: The primary risk of stimulated IUI. Careful monitoring limits stimulation to 1-2 follicles. Cycles with 3+ mature follicles are cancelled or converted to IVF.
• OHSS: Risk in IUI is low when carefully monitored.
IUI Cost in India
IUI is one of the most cost-accessible fertility treatments available. Typical IUI costs in India range from Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 15,000 per cycle for the procedure (medication costs are additional).
At Samarth IVF, we are committed to transparent, fair pricing with no hidden charges. All costs are discussed clearly at your consultation before treatment begins. Given the low per-cycle cost relative to IVF, attempting 3 IUI cycles before proceeding to IVF remains a financially sensible approach for appropriate candidates.
IUI Treatment AcrossSamarth IVF Centres in India
IUI treatment with full monitoring, laboratory sperm preparation, and clinical IUI is available at all 14 Samarth IVF centres across India. You do not need to travel to a metro city for expert IUI care.
Sambhajinagar (Aurangabad), Maharashtra: Main HQ with full surgical and IVF facilities, plus 2 Level-1 Centres
Washim, Maharashtra | Buldhana, Maharashtra | Parbhani, Maharashtra | Omerga (Umarga), Maharashtra | Gondia, Maharashtra
Dehradun, Uttarakhand | Jamnagar, Gujarat | Kalaburagi (Gulbarga), Karnataka | Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh | Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Why Choose Samarth IVF for IUI Treatment
Experienced fertility specialists who perform IUI as part of a comprehensive, monitored fertility programme, not as a standalone quick procedure.
Advanced andrology laboratory with density gradient and swim-up sperm preparation, ensuring the highest quality sperm for insemination.
Precise follicle monitoring with serial transvaginal ultrasound at every centre for accurate ovulation timing.
Personalised stimulation protocols tailored to your ovarian reserve, diagnosis, and cycle response.
Transparent pricing with complete cost breakdown provided before treatment begins.
Clear, realistic counselling on success rates, number of cycles appropriate for your situation, and when to progress to IVF.
- FAQ
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) places prepared sperm inside the uterus at ovulation and fertilisation occurs naturally inside the fallopian tube. IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation) involves retrieving eggs from the ovaries, fertilising them with sperm in the laboratory, and transferring the resulting embryo back into the uterus. IUI is simpler, less invasive, and less expensive but has lower per-cycle success rates.
Most women experience little to no discomfort during IUI. The procedure takes 5 to 10 minutes and is similar in sensation to a smear test or pelvic examination. A brief moment of mild cramping may occur when the catheter passes through the cervical opening. This passes quickly. No anaesthesia or sedation is required. Women return to their normal activities immediately after a short rest period.
Most fertility specialists recommend 3 to 6 IUI cycles in appropriately selected couples before moving to IVF. After 4 to 6 failed cycles, cumulative success rates plateau and the more efficient path is IVF. However, the appropriate number depends on your age, diagnosis, and how each cycle responds. Women above 38 are often advised to limit IUI to 2 to 3 cycles before IVF to avoid wasting time during the period when egg quality is declining.
In well-selected candidates, IUI success rates at Samarth IVF are 15 to 20 percent per stimulated cycle. Cumulative success rates across 3 to 6 cycles are 35 to 60 percent depending on age and diagnosis. The most important factors influencing success are female age, sperm quality after preparation, number of mature follicles, and precise ovulation timing. Your specialist will give you a personalised estimate based on your specific investigation results.
Yes. The vast majority of IUI cycles at Samarth IVF are performed using the husband or partner sperm. The sample is collected on the day of the procedure, processed in the andrology laboratory to select the best quality sperm, and used immediately for insemination. Donor sperm is used only when the partner has no retrievable sperm or by single women and same-sex couples.
A blood beta-hCG pregnancy test should be taken 14 days after the IUI procedure. Testing earlier is not recommended as hCG from the trigger injection can cause a false positive result if tested within the first 10 days. Urine home pregnancy tests are less sensitive than blood tests at this early stage. A blood test at 14 days gives the most accurate result and your doctor can interpret it in the context of your treatment.
Yes. IUI combined with ovulation induction is a highly effective first-line treatment for women with PCOS who are not ovulating regularly. Letrozole or low-dose gonadotrophins stimulate the development of 1 to 2 mature follicles and a trigger injection ensures reliable ovulation. IUI then places concentrated sperm directly in the uterus at the optimal time. Success rates with stimulated IUI for PCOS are comparable to those for other IUI indications in women under 35 with adequate sperm parameters.
After IUI, you can resume normal daily activities immediately. Light walking and routine work are fine. You should avoid strenuous exercise, heavy lifting, and swimming for 48 hours after the procedure. Sexual intercourse is generally not restricted and some specialists encourage it in the 12 to 24 hours after IUI to add additional sperm to the uterus. Avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain killers (like ibuprofen) during the two-week wait as they may interfere with implantation. Take your prescribed progesterone pessaries as directed.
Coverage for fertility treatments including IUI varies by insurance provider and policy in India. Some group health insurance policies now include limited coverage for fertility investigations and basic treatments. Samarth IVF recommends checking your policy terms directly or consulting your insurance provider. Our team can provide detailed procedure documentation to support any insurance claim you wish to submit.
Yes. Irregular periods, including those caused by PCOS or other ovulatory disorders, do not prevent IUI. In fact, IUI combined with ovulation induction is specifically designed for women with irregular cycles. Stimulation medications are used to trigger reliable follicle development and ovulation, and the IUI is timed precisely using ultrasound monitoring and a trigger injection. This controlled approach is more predictable than relying on spontaneous, irregular ovulation.
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